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Форум » Поговорим » языкознание » Family Relationship Terms
Family Relationship Terms
JuLДата: Понедельник, 14.03.2011, 23:38 | Сообщение # 1
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Family Relationship Terms
англ.
Relative — A member of your family, especially one who does not live with you.
Relation — A member of your family. Relation means the same as relative. It is often used when talking about whether someone is in the same family as another person.
Descendant — Someone who is a family member of a person who lived and died a long time ago, for example the great-grandchild of that person
Ancestor — A member of your family who lived a long time ago, especially hundreds of years ago.
Forefathers — People in your family who lived a long time ago - often used in historical descriptions.
Extended family — A family group that consists not only of parents and children, but also includes grandparents, aunts etc.
Folks — (especially American English informal) Your family, especially your parents.
Next of kin— The person or people who are most closely related to you, for example your husband or mother, and who need to be told if something serious happens to you.
Kinsman/woman — A relative.
Mother — Your female parent.
Father — Your male parent.
Biological parents — Parents who are genetically related to their offspring. Your biological mother is the woman whose egg was fertilized in order to conceive you. Your biological father is the man whose sperm fertilized the egg.
Adoptive parent — A person who legally adopts a child. A woman who adopts a child is an adoptive mother, and a man who adopts a child is an adoptive father.
Birth mother — The woman who gives birth to a child. This term is used to distinguish the birth mother from an adoptive mother.
Surrogate mother — A woman who agrees to conceive a child (typically by artificial insemination) and relinquish the child to others after its birth. A surrogate mother may or may not be the biological mother of the child.
Paternity — The fact of being the father of a particular child, or the question of who the child’s father is: He refused to admit paternity of the child.
Maternity — The state of being or becoming a mother; is used to describe things relating to the help and medical care given to a woman when she is pregnant and when she gives birth.
Child — Someone who is not yet an adult. You don’t usually use child to talk about babies or teenagers: Many children are scared of the dark. | He’s just a child.
kid (informal) — A child. Kid is the usual word to use in everyday spoken English: We left the kids in the car.
Daughter — Someone’s female child.
Son — Someone’s male child.
Filial relationships (Fillings, duties, piety…) — You can use filial to describe the duties, feelings, or relationships which exist between a son or daughter and his or her parents. (FORMAL).
Sister — The female children of your parents are your sisters.
Brother — The male children of your parents are your brothers.
Grandparent — The parent of your parent. A grandmother, or grandma, is your parent's mother. A grandfather, or grandpa, is your parent's father.
Great-grandparent — The parent of your grandparent. For example, your father's father's mother is your great-grandmother. The prefix great is added to indicate a separation of one generation, so that there can be an endless number of greats preceding the term grandparent.
Grandchild — The child of your child is your grandchild. Your child's son is your grandson and your child's daughter is your granddaughter.
Great-grandchild — The child of your grandchild. The prefix great is added to indicate a separation of one generation, so that there can be an endless number of greats preceding the term grandchild.
Uncle — The brother of your parent. For example, your mother's brother is your uncle.
Aunt — The sister of your parent. For example, your mother's sister is your aunt.
Niece — The daughter of your brother or sister. For example, your brother's daughter is your niece.
 
JuLДата: Понедельник, 14.03.2011, 23:38 | Сообщение # 2
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Nephew — The son of your brother or sister. For example, your sister's son is your nephew.
First Cousin — A child of your aunt or uncle. For example, your father's brother's daughter is your first cousin. You share a set of grandparents with your first cousins.
Second cousin — A child of your parent's first cousin. You share a set of great-grandparents with your second cousins.
Third cousin and so on — A child of your parent's second cousin. You share a set of great-great-grandparents with your third cousins. There can be an endless number of levels of cousins.
Close cousin — These pigs are close cousins of the wild hog.
Removed — The term removed indicates that the two people are from different generations. Numbers are added to indicate how many generations separate the relatives. For example, your parent's cousin is your first cousin once removed because the cousin is one generation apart from you.
Distant cousin — A person who is in your wider family but who is not closely related to you.
In-law — The term in-law indicates that the person is related by marriage rather than by birth. For example, your spouse's mother is your mother-in-law. The people related to a person through marriage are called in-laws.
Stepparent = Foster parent — The spouse of your mother or father by a subsequent marriage. A male stepparent is the stepfather and a female stepparent is the stepmother.
Stepchild — A child of your spouse by a former marriage. For example, your spouse's son is your stepson.
Single parent — A single parent is someone who is bringing up a child on their own, because the other parent is not living with them.
Stepbrother or stepsister — Your stepparent's children from a former marriage are your stepbrothers
or stepsisters.
Half brother or half sister — A brother or sister who is related to you through one parent only. For example, the son of your mother and stepfather is your half brother.
Twin — One of two children born at the same time to the same mother:
Identical twin = monozygotic twin — Identical ?twin noun [countable usually plural] one of a pair of brothers or sisters born at the same time, who develop from the same egg and look almost exactly alike
Fraternal twin = dizygotic twin — One of two children born at the same time to the same mother, who developed from different eggs rather than from the same egg, and who do not look alike
Siamese twin = conjoined twin — One of two people who are born joined to each other – sometimes considered offensive.
Consanguineous relative(s) — Relative(s) of the same blood or origin; specifically: descended from the same ancestor.
Collateral relatives — Are members of your family who are not closely related to you
A blood relation = blood relative — Is someone who is related to you by birth rather than by marriage.
Считаю, что супруги – это тоже своего рода родственники, не так ли? Поэтому, приведем и их тоже:

Spouse (formal) — Your spouse is your husband or wife.

Matrimony (formal) — The state of being married SYN marriage.

Cohabit (-ation) — If two people are cohabiting, they are living together and have a sexual relationship, but are not married; To live with another person and have a sexual relationship with them without being married SYN live together

Сonjugal relationships — Are relating to marriage and the relationship between a husband and wife, especially their sexual relationship. (FORMAL) ...a man deprived of his conjugal rights.

Husband/wife — The man/woman you are married to:

Partner — The person you live with and have a sexual relationship with. Partner is often used when people are not married, or when you do not know if they are married. It is also used when talking about same-sex couples

Fiance/Fiancee — The man/woman you are engaged to: He and fiancee Wendy Hodgson will marry in July.

Divorcee — A WOMAN who is divorced: The Prince announced his intention to marry Mrs Wallis Simpson, an American divorcee.

Widow/Widower — A woman or man whose husband or wife has died

Estranged wife/husband (formal) — someone’s estranged husband or wife is one who they do not live with anymore: She is trying to get her sons back from her estranged husband.
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